{"id":100,"date":"2025-10-04T13:30:06","date_gmt":"2025-10-04T13:30:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/?page_id=100"},"modified":"2025-10-08T08:03:13","modified_gmt":"2025-10-08T08:03:13","slug":"is-hijyeni-olcumleri","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/?page_id=100","title":{"rendered":"\u0130\u015f Hijyeni \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\u0130\u015f Hijyeni \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n

CE belgesi \u00fcr\u00fcn veya \u00fcr\u00fcnlere belli kriterlere, testlere g\u00f6re verilen belgedir. CE belgesi Avrupa kalite belgesidir. Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n ithal etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin sa\u011fl\u0131\u011fa zararl\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, kaliteye uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belgesidir. Bu i\u015farete sahip olmayan \u00fcr\u00fcnler Avrupa Birli\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7erisine giremez. Gerekli mevzuat uyumu tamamland\u0131ktan sonra bile bu i\u015farete sahip olmayan \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin i\u00e7 piyasaya da sunulmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn de\u011fildir.<\/p>\n\n

1) Termal Konfor \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

\nPPD ve PMV \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

PPD: PMV de\u011feri kullan\u0131larak ortamdaki insanlar\u0131n y\u00fczde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131l ortamdan memnuniyetsizlik oran\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyan indekstir. Bir ki\u015finin v\u00fccut \u0131s\u0131s\u0131; termal n\u00f6tral olsa bile, v\u00fccudun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, yerel termal konforsuz \u015fartlarda rahats\u0131zl\u0131k hissedebilir.
PMV: Is\u0131l konfora etkiyen ki\u015fisel ve \u00e7evresel fakt\u00f6rlerin bile\u015fenlerinin matematiksel olarak ifade edildi\u011fi de\u011ferdir. Bir ortamda bulunan insanlar\u0131n ortam\u0131 nas\u0131l alg\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile ilgili bir parametredir.<\/p>\n<\/details><\/div>\n

\nWBGT \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

Ki\u015finin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131s\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren deneysel indeks.<\/p>\n\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

2) Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nToplam Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc
Toz, tanecik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 300 mikronun alt\u0131nda olan kat\u0131 taneciklere denir. Hava veya ba\u015fka bir gaz i\u00e7inde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m halinde bulunur. Toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek risklerin \u00f6nlenebilmesi amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan isg ortam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerindendir.
\u0130\u015fyerlerinde tozun olumsuz etkilerinden korunmak ve tozla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden bu partik\u00fcllerin tespit ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r. 6331 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu ve toz y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ile zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc Nerelerde Yap\u0131l\u0131r?
A\u00e7\u0131k ve kapal\u0131 madenlerde, tala\u015fl\u0131 imalathanelerde, mobilya dekorasyon i\u015fletmelerinde, cam seramik ta\u015f obje \u00fcretimlerinde, kimya ve ila\u00e7 end\u00fcstrisinde, kesme z\u0131mparalama parlatma ve kumlama i\u015flemlerinde, d\u00f6k\u00fcmhanelerde toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tozlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitleri:
Fibrojenik tozlar: Silikoz, aspestoz gibi pn\u00f6mokonyoza sebep olan tozlard\u0131r.
Toksik (zehirli) tozlar: Akut veya kronik zehirlenmeye sebep olan tozlard\u0131r. Bunlar kur\u015fun, krom, kadbiyum, mangan, vanadyum gibi a\u011f\u0131r metal tozlar\u0131d\u0131r.
Kanserojen tozlar: Kansere sebep olan tozlard\u0131r. Bunlar asbest, arsenik, berilyum, kromatlar, nikel tozlar\u0131 gibi tozlard\u0131r.
Radyaktif\u00a0tozlar: Bunlar \u00e7ok say\u0131da olmakla beraber en \u00f6nemlileri uranyum, seryum, zirkonyum bile\u015fikleri, trityum ve radyum tuzlar\u0131d\u0131r.
Alerji yapan (alerjen) tozlar: Bunlar baz\u0131 insanlarda allerji yapan, ast\u0131m ve egzama gibi hastal\u0131klara sebep olan tozlard\u0131r.
\u0130nert tozlar: Akci\u011ferlerde birikebilen, fakat herhangi bir hastal\u0131k yapmayan tozlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>

\nSolunabilir Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc
Toz, tanecik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc 300 mikronun alt\u0131nda olan kat\u0131 taneciklere denir. Hava veya ba\u015fka bir gaz i\u00e7inde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m halinde bulunur. Toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc, i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilecek risklerin \u00f6nlenebilmesi amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan isg ortam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerindendir.
\u0130\u015fyerlerinde tozun olumsuz etkilerinden korunmak ve tozla m\u00fccadele etmek i\u00e7in toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
Toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eden bu partik\u00fcllerin tespit ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi i\u00e7in yap\u0131l\u0131r. 6331 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu ve toz y\u00f6netmeli\u011fi ile zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
Toz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc Nerelerde Yap\u0131l\u0131r?
A\u00e7\u0131k ve kapal\u0131 madenlerde, tala\u015fl\u0131 imalathanelerde, mobilya dekorasyon i\u015fletmelerinde, cam seramik ta\u015f obje \u00fcretimlerinde, kimya ve ila\u00e7 end\u00fcstrisinde, kesme z\u0131mparalama parlatma ve kumlama i\u015flemlerinde, d\u00f6k\u00fcmhanelerde toz \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tozlar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitleri:
Fibrojenik tozlar: Silikoz, aspestoz gibi pn\u00f6mokonyoza sebep olan tozlard\u0131r.
Toksik (zehirli) tozlar: Akut veya kronik zehirlenmeye sebep olan tozlard\u0131r. Bunlar kur\u015fun, krom, kadbiyum, mangan, vanadyum gibi a\u011f\u0131r metal tozlar\u0131d\u0131r.
Kanserojen tozlar: Kansere sebep olan tozlard\u0131r. Bunlar asbest, arsenik, berilyum, kromatlar, nikel tozlar\u0131 gibi tozlard\u0131r.
Radyoaktif tozlar: Bunlar \u00e7ok say\u0131da olmakla beraber en \u00f6nemlileri uranyum, seryum, zirkonyum bile\u015fikleri, trityum ve radyum tuzlar\u0131d\u0131r.
Alerji yapan (alerjen) tozlar: Bunlar baz\u0131 insanlarda allerji yapan, ast\u0131m ve egzama gibi hastal\u0131klara sebep olan tozlard\u0131r.
\u0130nert tozlar: Akci\u011ferlerde birikebilen, fakat herhangi bir hastal\u0131k yapmayan tozlard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

3) Gaz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nDedekt\u00f6r T\u00fcple Gaz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

\u0130\u015f Hijyen \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri i\u00e7erisinde kimyasal maddelere maruziyet ile olu\u015fabilecek meslek hastal\u0131klar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7mek ve kimyasal maddelerden kaynakl\u0131 risklere kar\u015f\u0131 gerekli tedbirlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan Gaz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc i\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir konudur.
\u0130\u015fyeri gaz\u00a0\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc yap\u0131lacak b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde kullan\u0131lan kimyasal maddelerin malzeme g\u00fcvenlik formlar\u0131 (MSDS) incelenerek muhtemel olas\u0131 gazlar\u0131n do\u011fru belirlenmesi gereklidir.<\/p>\n<\/details>

\n\u00c7oklu Gaz \u00d6l\u00e7er ile Gaz \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

\u0130\u015fyerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131nda kimyasal etkenler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirmede ilk ad\u0131m; uygulan\u0131lan i\u015flem ve ku\u015fkulan\u0131lan tehlikeli etkenlerin saptanmas\u0131d\u0131r. Daha sonra bunlar\u0131n \u00f6zellikleri tan\u0131mlanarak maruziyetin niteli\u011fi belirlenir.
Tehlikeli etkenlerin d\u00fczeyleri; bir \u00e7ok kimyasal madde ve partik\u00fcl i\u00e7in hava numunesi al\u0131nmas\u0131 ve analizleri gibi farkl\u0131 bir \u00e7ok teknikler veya y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131larak nitelik ve nicelik olarak belirlenir. Kimyasal ortam \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinde \u00e7oklu gaz \u00f6l\u00e7er ile ortamdan al\u0131nan numune \u00f6rne\u011fi laboratuvarda enstr\u00fcmental veya gravimetrik analizler do\u011frultusunda \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

4) Ayd\u0131nlatma \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nAyd\u0131nlatma \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

\u0130\u015f yerlerinde g\u00fcvenli bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda, g\u00f6rsel i\u015flerin kolayl\u0131kla yap\u0131lmas\u0131nda ve uygun bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f alan\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131nda en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6rlerden biri ayd\u0131nlatmad\u0131r. G\u00fcvenli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 en \u00f6nemli \u00f6nceliklerden biridir ve i\u015f g\u00fcvenli\u011fi ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi i\u015fyerindeki tehlikelerin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr k\u0131l\u0131nmas\u0131 ile sa\u011flanacakt\u0131r. Ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n g\u00f6rsel etkisinin yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n kendini iyi hissetmesi, moralinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 ve yorgunluk hissetmemesi gibi biyolojik ve psikolojik etkileri de bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015fyerlerinde ayd\u0131nlatma i\u015f verimini de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilemektedir. Ayd\u0131nlatma \u00f6ncelikle, yap\u0131lan i\u015f ve i\u015flemlerde t\u00fcm detay\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in gereklidir. \u0130\u015f sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ise ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n i\u015fin uygulanan kalite standartlar\u0131n\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 ve hata oranlar\u0131n\u0131n azalt\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda i\u015f kazalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nlenmesinde de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r.
Ayd\u0131nlatma \u015fiddeti ve i\u015fyerindeki da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n g\u00f6rsel bir i\u015fi ne kadar h\u0131zl\u0131, g\u00fcvenli ve rahat alg\u0131lay\u0131p ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdi\u011finde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir etkisi vard\u0131r. Ayd\u0131nlatma \u015fiddeti artt\u0131k\u00e7a yap\u0131lan i\u015fin ince detaylar\u0131n\u0131n fark edilmesi o kadar kolay olmaktad\u0131r. Bu konuda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, y\u00fcksek ayd\u0131nlatma \u015fiddetinin konsantrasyon ve motivasyonunun artmas\u0131na ve bunun \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n performans\u0131n\u0131n %50 oran\u0131nda artmas\u0131na sebep oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n hata yapma oran\u0131 azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in, y\u00fcksek ayd\u0131nlatma \u015fiddeti olan i\u015fyerlerinde i\u015f kazalar\u0131 da azalmaktad\u0131r. \u0130\u015f kazalar\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir oran\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma \u015fiddetinin 200 l\u00fcks den az oldu\u011fu i\u015fyerlerinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

5) G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nMaruziyet \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 28 Temmuz 2013 tarihinde 28721 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ALI\u015eANLARIN G\u00dcR\u00dcLT\u00dc \u0130LE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 R\u0130SKLERDEN KORUNMALARINA DA\u0130R Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130K yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6netmelik 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u015fyerlerinde uygulanmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri TS 2607 ISO 1999:2005 Akustik, \u0130\u015f yerinde maruz kal\u0131nan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn tayini yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
\u00a0
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc herkesi etkileyen bir sorundur. Y\u00fcksek g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc seviyesi olan ortamlarda, uzun s\u00fcre bulunan ki\u015filerde, kal\u0131c\u0131 i\u015fitme e\u015fi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimleri oldu\u011fu bir \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeler ya da k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli etkilenmelerde, i\u015fitme duyusuna y\u00f6nelik belirgin bir zarar\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok kolay olmasa da, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi ve mutlulu\u011fu \u00fczerindeki olumsuz etkileri belirlenebilmektedir. Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (OECD) taraf\u0131ndan 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan bir raporda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda verilen tespitler elde edilmi\u015ftir.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Fiziksel Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fitme duyusunda olu\u015fturdu\u011fu olumsuz etkilerdir. Ge\u00e7ici ve kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenebilir. Ge\u00e7ici etkilerin en \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan\u0131 ge\u00e7ici i\u015fitme esi\u011fi kaymas\u0131 ve duyma yorulmas\u0131 olarak bilinen i\u015fitme duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7ici kay\u0131pt\u0131r. Etkilenmenin \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fu ve i\u015fitme sisteminin eski \u00f6zelliklerine kavu\u015fmada tekrar g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcden etkilendi\u011fi durumlarda i\u015fitme kayb\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Fizyolojik Etkileri
Bunlar insan v\u00fccudunda olu\u015fan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerdir. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca fizyolojik etkiler; kas gerilmeleri, stres, kan bas\u0131nc\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f, kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi, g\u00f6z bebe\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, solunum h\u0131zlanmas\u0131, dola\u015f\u0131m bozukluklar\u0131 ve ani reflekslerdir.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Psikolojik Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn psikolojik etkilerinin bas\u0131nda ise; sinir bozuklu\u011fu, korku, rahats\u0131zl\u0131k, tedirginlik, yorgunluk ve zihinsel etkilerde yava\u015flama gelir. Ani olarak y\u00fckselen g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc d\u00fczeyi insanlarda korku olu\u015fturabilmektedir. Psikoteknik Merkezlerin Ruhsat Ba\u015fvurusu i\u00e7in gerekli olan; test odas\u0131n\u0131n 25-35 dB aras\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir ses \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm raporlamas\u0131 laboratuvar\u0131m\u0131zca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmektedir.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Performans \u00dczerine Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn is verimini azaltmas\u0131 ve i\u015fitilen seslerin anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclen etkileridir. Konu\u015fman\u0131n alg\u0131lanabilmesi ve anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcnden fonksiyonlar\u0131n engellenmesi, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde arka plan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fczeyi ile ilgilidir. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn is verimlili\u011fi ve \u00fcretkenlik ile ilgili etkileri konusunda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar karma\u015f\u0131k islerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131n sessiz, basit islerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamlar\u0131n ise biraz g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fini g\u00f6ster mistir. \u00d6zetle ortamda belli bir i\u015f ya da fonksiyon i\u00e7in belirlenen arka plan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn fazla olmas\u0131 durumunda i\u015f verimlili\u011fi d\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/details>

\nOrtam \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 28 Temmuz 2013 tarihinde 28721 say\u0131l\u0131 \u00c7ALI\u015eANLARIN G\u00dcR\u00dcLT\u00dc \u0130LE \u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 R\u0130SKLERDEN KORUNMALARINA DA\u0130R Y\u00d6NETMEL\u0130K yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Y\u00f6netmelik 20\/6\/2012 tarihli ve 6331 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130\u015f Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve G\u00fcvenli\u011fi Kanunu kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u015fyerlerinde uygulanmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri TS 2607 ISO 1999:2005 Akustik, \u0130\u015f yerinde maruz kal\u0131nan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn tayini yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00dczerine Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc herkesi etkileyen bir sorundur. Y\u00fcksek g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc seviyesi olan ortamlarda, uzun s\u00fcre bulunan ki\u015filerde, kal\u0131c\u0131 i\u015fitme e\u015fi\u011fi de\u011fi\u015fimleri oldu\u011fu bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan saptanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyeler ya da k\u0131sa s\u00fcreli etkilenmelerde, i\u015fitme duyusuna y\u00f6nelik belirgin bir zarar\u0131n saptanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok kolay olmasa da, g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131, davran\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imi ve mutlulu\u011fu \u00fczerindeki olumsuz etkileri belirlenebilmektedir. Ekonomik \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi ve Kalk\u0131nma \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (OECD) taraf\u0131ndan 1996 y\u0131l\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan bir raporda a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda verilen tespitler elde edilmi\u015ftir.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Fiziksel Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fitme duyusunda olu\u015fturdu\u011fu olumsuz etkilerdir. Ge\u00e7ici ve kal\u0131c\u0131 olarak iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde incelenebilir. Ge\u00e7ici etkilerin en \u00e7ok kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan\u0131 ge\u00e7ici i\u015fitme esi\u011fi kaymas\u0131 ve duyma yorulmas\u0131 olarak bilinen i\u015fitme duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki ge\u00e7ici kay\u0131pt\u0131r. Etkilenmenin \u00e7ok fazla oldu\u011fu ve i\u015fitme sisteminin eski \u00f6zelliklerine kavu\u015fmada tekrar g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcden etkilendi\u011fi durumlarda i\u015fitme kayb\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 olmaktad\u0131r.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Fizyolojik Etkileri
Bunlar insan v\u00fccudunda olu\u015fan de\u011fi\u015fikliklerdir. Ba\u015fl\u0131ca fizyolojik etkiler; kas gerilmeleri, stres, kan bas\u0131nc\u0131nda art\u0131\u015f, kalp at\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n ve kan dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesi, g\u00f6z bebe\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi, solunum h\u0131zlanmas\u0131, dola\u015f\u0131m bozukluklar\u0131 ve ani reflekslerdir.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Psikolojik Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn psikolojik etkilerinin bas\u0131nda ise; sinir bozuklu\u011fu, korku, rahats\u0131zl\u0131k, tedirginlik, yorgunluk ve zihinsel etkilerde yava\u015flama gelir. Ani olarak y\u00fckselen g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc d\u00fczeyi insanlarda korku olu\u015fturabilmektedir. Psikoteknik Merkezlerin Ruhsat Ba\u015fvurusu i\u00e7in gerekli olan; test odas\u0131n\u0131n 25-35 dB aras\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir ses \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm raporlamas\u0131 laboratuvar\u0131m\u0131zca ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmektedir.
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Performans \u00dczerine Etkileri
G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn is verimini azaltmas\u0131 ve i\u015fitilen seslerin anla\u015f\u0131lmamas\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fclen etkileridir. Konu\u015fman\u0131n alg\u0131lanabilmesi ve anla\u015f\u0131labilmesi t\u00fcr\u00fcnden fonksiyonlar\u0131n engellenmesi, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde arka plan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn d\u00fczeyi ile ilgilidir. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn is verimlili\u011fi ve \u00fcretkenlik ile ilgili etkileri konusunda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar karma\u015f\u0131k islerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131n sessiz, basit islerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamlar\u0131n ise biraz g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc olmas\u0131 gerektirdi\u011fini g\u00f6ster mistir. \u00d6zetle ortamda belli bir i\u015f ya da fonksiyon i\u00e7in belirlenen arka plan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn fazla olmas\u0131 durumunda is verimlili\u011fi d\u00fc\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n<\/details>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n\n

6) Titre\u015fim \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/p>\n

\nT\u00fcm V\u00fccut Titre\u015fimi \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan,
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n Titre\u015fimle \u0130lgili Risklerden Korunmalar\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6netmelik, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n mekanik titre\u015fime maruz kalmalar\u0131 ile v\u00fccutlar\u0131nda olu\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik risklerinden korunmalar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Bu y\u00f6netmelik haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken Avrupa Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 2002\/44\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 direktif esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin Maruziyet S\u0131n\u0131r De\u011ferleri ve Maruziyet Eylem De\u011ferleri ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 maddesine g\u00f6re i\u015fletmelerde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken de\u011ferler \u015fu \u015fekildedir:
El ve kol titre\u015fimi i\u00e7in,
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri 5 m\/s2
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet eylem de\u011feri 2,5 m\/s2
B\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccut titre\u015fimi i\u00e7in,
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri 1,15 m\/s2
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet eylem de\u011feri 0,5 m\/s2
Bu kriterlerde ge\u00e7en maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri ve maruziyet eylem de\u011feri \u015fu anlama gelmektedir:
Maruziyet eylem de\u011feri<\/strong>, a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n bu y\u00fczden zarar g\u00f6rece\u011fi risklerin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren de\u011feridir.
Maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri<\/strong>\u00a0ise, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kesinlikle bu \u011fderein \u00fczerinde maruz kalmamalar\u0131 gereken de\u011ferdir.
Akredite laboratuvarlar taraf\u0131ndan ki\u015fisel maruziyet \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde titre\u015fim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri yap\u0131l\u0131rken yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen y\u00f6netmelikte yer alan s\u0131n\u0131rlara ve bu konuda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f standartlara uyulmaktad\u0131r. Bu standartlardan birka\u00e7\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir:
TS EN ISO 5349-1 Mekanik titre\u015fim \u2013<\/strong>\u00a0Ki\u015filerin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 elle iletilen titre\u015fimin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Genel kurallar
TS EN ISO 5349-2 Mekanik titre\u015fim \u2013<\/strong>\u00a0Ki\u015filerin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, elden v\u00fccuda iletilen titre\u015fimin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 2: \u0130\u015f yerlerinde \u00f6l\u00e7me yapmak i\u00e7in pratik k\u0131lavuz<\/p>\n<\/details>

\nEl-Kol Titre\u015fimi \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/strong><\/summary>\n\n

2013 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma ve Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan,
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n Titre\u015fimle \u0130lgili Risklerden Korunmalar\u0131na Dair Y\u00f6netmelik \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6netmelik, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n mekanik titre\u015fime maruz kalmalar\u0131 ile v\u00fccutlar\u0131nda olu\u015fan sa\u011fl\u0131k ve g\u00fcvenlik risklerinden korunmalar\u0131n\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Bu y\u00f6netmelik haz\u0131rlan\u0131rken Avrupa Birli\u011fi taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan 2002\/44\/EC say\u0131l\u0131 direktif esas al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.
S\u00f6z\u00fc edilen y\u00f6netmeli\u011fin Maruziyet S\u0131n\u0131r De\u011ferleri ve Maruziyet Eylem De\u011ferleri ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 maddesine g\u00f6re i\u015fletmelerde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken de\u011ferler \u015fu \u015fekildedir:
El ve kol titre\u015fimi i\u00e7in,
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri 5 m\/s2
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet eylem de\u011feri 2,5 m\/s2
B\u00fct\u00fcn v\u00fccut titre\u015fimi i\u00e7in,
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri 1,15 m\/s2
Sekiz saatlik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma s\u00fcresinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck maruziyet eylem de\u011feri 0,5 m\/s2
Bu kriterlerde ge\u00e7en maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri ve maruziyet eylem de\u011feri \u015fu anlama gelmektedir:
Maruziyet eylem de\u011feri<\/strong>, a\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan\u0131n bu y\u00fczden zarar g\u00f6rece\u011fi risklerin kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren de\u011feridir.
Maruziyet s\u0131n\u0131r de\u011feri<\/strong>\u00a0ise, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n kesinlikle bu \u011fderein \u00fczerinde maruz kalmamalar\u0131 gereken de\u011ferdir.
Akredite laboratuvarlar taraf\u0131ndan ki\u015fisel maruziyet \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde titre\u015fim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri yap\u0131l\u0131rken yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen y\u00f6netmelikte yer alan s\u0131n\u0131rlara ve bu konuda yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f standartlara uyulmaktad\u0131r. Bu standartlardan birka\u00e7\u0131 \u015fu \u015fekildedir:
TS EN ISO 5349-1 Mekanik titre\u015fim \u2013<\/strong>\u00a0Ki\u015filerin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 elle iletilen titre\u015fimin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 1: Genel kurallar
TS EN ISO 5349-2 Mekanik titre\u015fim \u2013<\/strong>\u00a0Ki\u015filerin maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131, elden v\u00fccuda iletilen titre\u015fimin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u2013 B\u00f6l\u00fcm 2: \u0130\u015f yerlerinde \u00f6l\u00e7me yapmak i\u00e7in pratik k\u0131lavuz<\/p>\n<\/details>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015f Hijyeni \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri CE belgesi \u00fcr\u00fcn veya \u00fcr\u00fcnlere belli kriterlere, testlere g\u00f6re verilen belgedir. CE belgesi Avrupa kalite belgesidir. Avrupa\u2019n\u0131n […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-100","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/100","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=100"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/100\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":398,"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/100\/revisions\/398"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sigmacertteknik.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=100"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}